Global Coastal Total Water Level Variability and Exceedance Statistics (1958–2023)

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Boucharel, Julien; Almar, Rafael; Jin, Fei-Fei; Zhao, Sen; Stuecker, Malte; Dewitte, Boris, 2025, "Global Coastal Total Water Level Variability and Exceedance Statistics (1958–2023)", https://doi.org/10.23708/OUZPH4, DataSuds, V1

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Description	This dataset provides global monthly statistics of coastal total water levels (TWL) and associated exceedance metrics for the period January 1958 to December 2023. The Total Water Level (TWL) is defined as the sum of Sea Level Anomaly (SLA), wave runup (R), and tide (T). The dataset includes: Monthly means and monthly maxima of each component (SLA, R, T) and their sum (TWL). The variable hoursovertopmonthly, representing the number of hours per month during which the cumulative hourly TWL exceeds a given percentage (1–100%) of the maximum coastal elevation within the first kilometer inland. Spatial coordinates (lat, lon) for 14,140 global coastal sample points derived from the SamplePoints_coarse_mix dataset. Wave runup (R) is estimated using the Stockdon et al. (2006) empirical parameterization, and coastal elevation references are taken from multiple global elevation datasets (ALOS/JAXA, Panos, FLOPROS). This dataset is intended to support global and regional analyses of coastal flooding hazards, sea level variability, and wave-tide-surge interactions across multi-decadal time scales. (2025-10-18)
Subject	Earth and Environmental Sciences
Keyword	Coastal water level, overtopping, sea level, waves, tides
Related Publication	Boucharel, J., R. Almar, F-F Jin, S. Zhao, M. Stuecker and B. Dewitte, Skillful seasonal predictions of coastal risks from climate modes interactions. In review in Nature Geoscience (2025).
Notes	Data type : Process-produced data
License/Data Use Agreement	Custom Dataset Terms

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	coastal_monthly_mean_max_hoursovertop_1958_2023_v1.nc Network Common Data Form - 767.9 MB Published Nov 21, 2025 0 Downloads MD5: be1f430938493d637388afae25448695 Data file in NetCDF format Données	Access File File Access Public Download Options Network Common Data Form Download Metadata Data File Citation EndNote XML RIS BibTeX
	documentation.pdf Adobe PDF - 116.0 KB Published Nov 21, 2025 0 Downloads MD5: 894671a0cf4805064ac8e78735e751ee Documentation file describing how the data was produced Documentation	Preview "documentation.pdf" Access File File Access Public Download Options Adobe PDF Download Metadata Data File Citation EndNote XML RIS BibTeX
	ReadMe_OUZPH4.txt Plain Text - 2.4 KB Published Nov 21, 2025 0 Downloads MD5: 8870158ec732c233a0765dd1dcc53731 contains the citation, description and conditions of use, or even access, depending on the case, to the dataset Documentation	Preview "ReadMe_OUZPH4.txt" Access File File Access Public Download Options Plain Text Download Metadata Data File Citation EndNote XML RIS BibTeX

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Persistent Identifier	doi:10.23708/OUZPH4
Publication Date	2025-11-21
Title	Global Coastal Total Water Level Variability and Exceedance Statistics (1958–2023)
Author	Boucharel, Julien (UMR LEGOS - CNES, CNRS, IRD, Univ.Toulouse III - Midi-Pyrénées Observatory - France) - ORCID: 0000-0003-4598-3349 Almar, Rafael (UMR LEGOS - CNES, CNRS, IRD, Univ.Toulouse III - Midi-Pyrénées Observatory - France) - ORCID: 0000-0001-5842-658X Jin, Fei-Fei (University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa - USA) - ORCID: 0000-0001-5101-2296 Zhao, Sen (University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa - USA) - ORCID: 0000-0002-5597-1109 Stuecker, Malte (University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa - USA) - ORCID: 0000-0001-8355-0662 Dewitte, Boris (UMR CECI - CNRS, CERFACS, IRD - France) - ORCID: 0000-0003-3817-8691
Point of Contact	Use email button above to contact. BOUCHAREL, Julien (UMR LEGOS - CNES, CNRS, IRD, Univ.Toulouse III - Midi-Pyrénées Observatory - France)
Description	This dataset provides global monthly statistics of coastal total water levels (TWL) and associated exceedance metrics for the period January 1958 to December 2023. The Total Water Level (TWL) is defined as the sum of Sea Level Anomaly (SLA), wave runup (R), and tide (T). The dataset includes: Monthly means and monthly maxima of each component (SLA, R, T) and their sum (TWL). The variable hoursovertopmonthly, representing the number of hours per month during which the cumulative hourly TWL exceeds a given percentage (1–100%) of the maximum coastal elevation within the first kilometer inland. Spatial coordinates (lat, lon) for 14,140 global coastal sample points derived from the SamplePoints_coarse_mix dataset. Wave runup (R) is estimated using the Stockdon et al. (2006) empirical parameterization, and coastal elevation references are taken from multiple global elevation datasets (ALOS/JAXA, Panos, FLOPROS). This dataset is intended to support global and regional analyses of coastal flooding hazards, sea level variability, and wave-tide-surge interactions across multi-decadal time scales. (2025-10-18)
Subject	Earth and Environmental Sciences
Keyword	Coastal water level overtopping sea level (SeaDataNet depth measurement reference planes) http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L11/current/D08/ waves (ODATIS aggregation parameters and Essential Variable names) http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/OD1/current/WAVES/ tides (ODATIS aggregation parameters and Essential Variable names) http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/OD1/current/TIDES/
Scientific Theme	Continental waters and oceans: physical studies (NumeriSud) https://uri.ird.fr/so/kos/tnu/032
Related Publication	Boucharel, J., R. Almar, F-F Jin, S. Zhao, M. Stuecker and B. Dewitte, Skillful seasonal predictions of coastal risks from climate modes interactions. In review in Nature Geoscience (2025). Almar, R., Ranasinghe, R., Bergsma, E.W.J. et al. A global analysis of extreme coastal water levels with implications for potential coastal overtopping. Nat Commun 12, 3775 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24008-9
Notes	Data type : Process-produced data
Funding Information	ANR ASTRID: GLOBCOASTS: ANR-22-ASTR-0013 NOAA Climate Program Office's Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and Projections (MAPP) Program Grant: NA23OAR4310602
Depositor	BOUCHAREL, Julien
Deposit Date	2025-10-17
Time Period	Start Date: 1958-01-01 ; End Date: 2023-12-31
Related Material	Pujol, M. I. et al. DUACS DT2014: the new multi-mission altimeter data set reprocessed over 20 years. Ocean Sci. 12, 1067–1090 (2016). https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-1067-2016 Le Traon, P. Y. et al. From observation to information and users: the Copernicus Marine Service perspective. Front. Mar. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016473 Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Hirahara, S., Hor ́anyi, A., Mun ̃oz-Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Abdalla, S., Abellan, X., Balsamo, G., Bechtold, P., Biavati, G., Bidlot, J., Bonavita, M., De Chiara, G., Dahlgren, P., Dee, D., Diamantakis, M., Dragani, R., Flemming, J., Forbes, R., Fuentes, M., Geer, A., Haimberger, L., Healy, S., Hogan, R.J., Ho ́lm, E., Janiskov ́a, M., Keeley, S., Laloyaux, P., Lopez, P., Lupu, C., Radnoti, G., Rosnay, P., Rozum, I., Vamborg, F., Villaume, S., Th ́epaut, J.- N.: The ERA5 global reanalysis. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 146(730), 1999–2049 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803. Zuo, H., Balmaseda, M. A., Tietsche, S., Mogensen, K., and Mayer, M.: The ECMWF operational ensemble reanalysis–analysis system for ocean and sea ice: a description of the system and assessment, Ocean Sci., 15, 779–808, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-15-779-2019, 2019. Carrère, L., Lyard, F. H., Cancet, M. & Guillot, A. Finite Element Solution FES2014, a new tidal model – validation results and perspectives for improvements. In ESA Living Planet Conference (European Space Agency, 2016). Stockdon, H. F., Holman, R. A., Howd, P. A. & Sallenger, A. H. Empirical parameterization of setup, swash, and runup. Coast. Eng. 53, 573–588 (2006).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2005.12.005 Iribarren, C.R.; Nogales, C. (1949), "Protection des ports", Proceedings XVIIth International Navigation Congress, Section II, Communication, vol. 4, Lisbon, pp. 31–80
Related Dataset	ERA5 data: https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.f17050d7 Monthly means of ORAS5 data for selected variables are available at the Integrated Climate Data Center portal (http://icdc.cen.uni-hamburg.de/thredds/catalog/ftpthredds/EASYInit/oras5/catalog.html, ICDC, 2019) for the whole ORAS5 period and at CMEMS data portal (http://marine.copernicus.eu/services-portfolio/access-to-products, EC, 2019) from 1993 onwards. The full ORAS5 data set resides with the data services of ECMWF. Altimetric SLA (AVISO Duacs) Datasets are available from : the CMEMS web portal (http://marine.copernicus.eu/services-portfolio/access-to-products/, last access: 9 September 2019) the C3S data store (https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu, last access: 9 September 2019). Level 2P (L2P) altimetry products are disseminated by CNES and EUMETSAT. L2P products are supplied as distributed by different agencies: NASA, NSOAS, ISRO, ESA, CNES, EUMETSAT. The L3 products for Sentinel-3's altimetry mission are processed at CLS on behalf of EUMETSAT, funded by the European Union. The MEDESS-GIB dataset is available through the PANGAEA (Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science) repository: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.853701. The AlborEx dataset is available at the SOCIB web page (http://www.socib.eu).

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