Climate data rescue 3: Bulletin Mensuel des Observations (BMO)

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Climate data rescue 3: Bulletin Mensuel des Observations (BMO)
Thomas, Frédéric; Nguyen, Tam Ngoc-Minh, 2024, "Climate data rescue 3: Bulletin Mensuel des Observations (BMO)", https://doi.org/10.23708/WH1UPA, DataSuds, V1
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Description

Content of the BMO

The Bulletin Mensuel des Observations have been published for the first time in 1910 under the direction of Georges Le Cadet, director of the Service Météorologique de l'Indochine, and later on by the following directors (Etienne Bruzon, B. Guilmet, A. Romer) until 1942. The collection recovered at Trappes comprises 119 issues (fascicles), each corresponding to one month:

  • 1910: Jan, Feb, Mar (3 fascicles)
  • 1925: Complete year (12 fascicles)
  • 1926: Jan-Oct (10 fascicles)
  • 1927: Complete year (12 fascicles)
  • 1928: Complete year (12 fascicles)
  • 1929: Complete year (12 fascicles)
  • 1930: Complete year (12 fascicles)
  • 1937: Complete year (12 fascicles)
  • 1938: Complete year (12 fascicles)
  • 1939: Jan-Jun (6 fascicles)
  • 1940: Complete year (12 fascicles)
  • 1941: Complete year (12 fascicles + 1 fascicle of supplement)
  • 1942: Jul (1 fascicle)

As can be seen, the number of lacks is very high. There are particularly two big gaps: 15 years between 1910 and 1925 and 6 years between 1930 and 1937. In the current state of our research, it is still impossible to say whether these gaps are due to an incomplete collection of the Météo France in Trappes or to the fact that the BMO was not regularly published.

The second hypothesis seems more likely, as the BMO collection held at the BNF has fewer issues than that of Météo France but has approximately the same gaps; and as the first page of the December 1930 issue bears the following information: "Publication of the BMO is suspended until further notice". This terse form is not followed by any explanation.

Nevertheless, we would ask users of this database to let us know if they can provide any additional issues missing in the present dataset.

Content of the dataset

The present dataset content all the data of the collection of BMO recovered in Météo France Trappes.

Meteorological data coverage

1910; 1925-1930; 1937-1942 (2024-07-10)
Subject Earth and Environmental Sciences; Social Sciences
Keyword Climate history, Climate data rescue, Climate change, Meteorological data, Indochina, Colonial meteorology, Phu Lien, Observatoire central de Phu Lien, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos
Related Publication Gouvernement général de l'Indochine, Observatoire central de l'Indochine, Bulletin mensuel des observations, Phu-Lien, Observatoire central, 1910, 1925-1930, 1938-1942. ark: /12148/cb32867765g
Notes

Location of data collection

Météo France Trappes

Type of data

Daily data of Central observatory of Phu Lien

  • Atmospheric pressure (P): 12 observations a day (every 2 hours), first minimum of the day, first maximum of the day, second minimum of the day, second maximum of the day, and comments
  • Temperature (T): 12 observations a day (every 2 hours), minimum, maximum
  • Temperature in free air
  • Temperature of soil
  • Relative humidity (Hr): 12 observations a day (every 2 hours), Diurnal mean, Max and Min…
  • Vapour pressure (Pv) : 12 observations a day (every 2 hours)
  • Cloud cover (N)
  • Wind direction (Wd)
  • Wind strength (Ws)
  • Evaporation (E)
  • Rainfall (R)
  • Visibility (V)
  • Insolation or solar radiation (I)
  • Monthly diagramm by day

NB/ These data are published in the BMO only for the issues from 1910 to 1930, they were no longer published from January 1937 onwards.

Data of the stations of the Indochinese meteorological network

  • Rainfall (R): daily observations
  • Atmospheric pressure (P): Daily or monthly (depending of the year and of the station)
  • Temperature (T): Daily or monthly (depending of the year and of the station)
  • Relative humidity (Hr): Daily or monthly (depending of the year and of the station)
  • Wind direction (Wd): Daily or monthly (depending of the year and of the station)
  • Wind strength (Ws): Daily or monthly (depending of the year and of the station)
  • Cloud cover (N): Daily or monthly (depending of the year and of the station)
  • Rainfall (R): Daily or monthly (depending of the year and of the station)
  • State of the sea: Daily or monthly (depending of the year and of the station)

Nota Bene

The format of the publication changes considerably from year to year, to the extent that it is difficult to give a concise description of its content. However, the BMO can be roughly divided into three main stages:

  1. From 1910 to 1926, the daily observations from the central observatory at Phu Lien are included, as well as daily observations from the network of meteorological stations;
  2. From 1927 to 1930, the daily data are only provided for the central observatory at Phu Lien and 4 other weather stations (Fort-Bayard, Tientcha, Padaran and Cap Saint-Jacques), the rest are monthly data of 30 meteorological stations;
  3. From 1937 to 1942, the BMO no longer publishes daily data at all (including Plu Liên), but only monthly summaries of meteorological and climatic stations and also the monthly data from the extensive network of pluviometric stations.

Tree structure

No DataSud tree structure.

Users can navigate through each PDF file by following the contents of the table in each issue, which is reproduced in the form of bookmarks:

  • By month
    • Section 1: Data for Phu Liên
    • Section 2: Data of the stations

Number of stations

  • 1910: 33 meteorological stations (3 in China; 11 in Tonkin; 11 in Annam; 4 in Cochinchina; 1 in Cambodia; 3 Laos)
  • 1925: 25 meteorological stations (4 in China; 5 in Tonkin; 13 in Annam; 2 in Cochinchina; 1 in Cambodia; 0 Laos)
  • 1926: 24 meteorological stations (4 in China; 6 in Tonkin; 11 in Annam; 2 in Cochinchina; 1 in Cambodia; 0 Laos)
  • 1927: 31 meteorological stations (4 in China; 8 in Tonkin; 14 in Annam; 2 in Cochinchina; 2 in Cambodia; 1 Laos)
  • 1928: 65 meteorological stations (4 in China; 15 in Tonkin; 22 in Annam; 9 in Cochinchina; 5 in Cambodia; 10 Laos)
  • 1929: 69 meteorological stations (4 in China; 15 in Tonkin; 22 in Annam; 9 in Cochinchina; 8 in Cambodia; 11 Laos)
  • 1930: 84 meteorological stations (4 in China; 15 in Tonkin; 28 in Annam; 11 in Cochinchina; 13 in Cambodia; 13 Laos)
  • 1937: 94 meteorological stations (2 in China; 21 in Tonkin; 33 in Annam; 14 in Cochinchina; 14 in Cambodia; 11 Laos) and 243 pluviometric stations
  • 1938: 92 meteorological stations (4 in China; 21 in Tonkin; 29 in Annam; 14 in Cochinchina; 14 in Cambodia; 11 Laos) and 394 pluviometric stations
  • 1939: 97 meteorological stations (3 in China; 21 in Tonkin; 29 in Annam; 14 in Cochinchina; 13 in Cambodia; 17 Laos) and 457 pluviometric stations
  • 1940: 61 meteorological stations; 34 climatologic stations; 41 auxiliary stations for air navigation, 6 stations for marine navigation; 566 pluviometric stations
  • 1941: 56 meteorological stations; 26 climatologic stations; 29 auxiliary stations for air navigation, 7 stations for marine navigation; 547 pluviometric stations
  • 1942: 68 meteorological and climatologic stations; 12 auxiliary stations for air navigation; 168 pluviometric stations
License/Data Use Agreement

CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

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