Origins and evolution of oasis agriculture in the Sahara: morphometric measurements of archaeological and modern date palm seeds

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Origins and evolution of oasis agriculture in the Sahara: morphometric measurements of archaeological and modern date palm seeds
Kaczmarek, Thomas; Van der Veen, Marijke; Ivorra, Sarah; Mattingly, David; Terral, Jean-Frederic; Gros-Balthazard, Muriel, 2023, "Origins and evolution of oasis agriculture in the Sahara: morphometric measurements of archaeological and modern date palm seeds", https://doi.org/10.23708/D3WASI, DataSuds, V1, UNF:6:Z02ean4vSayKRRTZjiasPw== [fileUNF]
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Description

The development of oasis agriculture is a turning point for humans in North Africa and West Asia. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), is one of the most critical species in these agroecosystems. It was domesticated in the Gulf region over 6,000 years ago and later spread to other regions. In the Sahara, the origins of the germplasm and the diffusion history in terms of dating and routes remain largely unknown.

To explore these questions, we employed traditional and geometric morphometric methods to analyze 312 well-preserved Phoenix seeds from three Libyan archaeological sites, dating from the first millennium BCE to the modern period. We compared them with a large modern reference collection and Egyptian archaeological seeds from a previous study.

This study highlights the potential of seed morphometric analyses in the study of crop domestication and diffusion.

We provide here the traditional and geometric morphometric measurements that support the findings of this study. Traditional measurements such as width, length, thickness and area are available for Libyan seeds and the modern reference collection. We also provide the elliptic fourier coefficients obtained from the seed outlines of the modern collection, the libyan archaeological seeds and the egyptian archaeological seeds.

(2023-03-31)
Subject Agricultural Sciences
Keyword Crop diffusion, Date palm, Seed morphometrics, Agrobiodiversity, Sahara
Related Publication Kaczmarek, T., Van der Veen, M., Ivorra, S., Mattingly, D., Terral, J.-F., & Gros-Balthazard, M. (2024). Origins and evolution of oasis agriculture in the Sahara: Evidence from morphometric analyses of archaeological date palm seeds. The Holocene, 34(3), 353-365. doi: 10.1177/09596836231211879
Notes Data type: process-produced data
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EFT_coefficients_Egyptian_seeds.tab
Morphometrics_date_palm_seeds/Tab-Separated Values - 104.7 KB
Published Sep 27, 2023
3 Downloads
MD5: ff75d32d2fa26e0f2df3c740237bd5db
Elliptic Fourier Transform coefficients of 151 archeological palm seeds from Egypt. The column "Site" corresponds to the archaeological sites: "THE" = Thebes; "ZIY" = ‘Ayn-Ziyâda; "HAW" = Hawara; "UMB" = Umm Balad; "MAN" = ‘Ayn-Manâwir
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EFT_coefficients_Libyan_seeds.tab
Morphometrics_date_palm_seeds/Tab-Separated Values - 217.5 KB
Published Sep 27, 2023
3 Downloads
MD5: 343b924cc5edb92b92b493071e8f18da
Elliptic Fourier Transform coefficients of 312 archeological palm seeds from Libya. The column "Site" corresponds to the archaeological sites.
Data
EFT_coefficients_modern_reference_collection.tab
Morphometrics_date_palm_seeds/Tab-Separated Values - 225.0 KB
Published Sep 27, 2023
3 Downloads
MD5: ade5f9b89cc5f0a53ddabf14fa83c071
Elliptic Fourier Transform coefficients of seeds from 328 modern date palms
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Morphometrics_date_palm_seeds_readme.txt
Morphometrics_date_palm_seeds/Plain Text - 2.3 KB
Published Sep 27, 2023
5 Downloads
MD5: 1381587b6dd4ffa973924d0b42d7625d
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Traditional_morphometric_measurements_Libyan_seeds.tab
Morphometrics_date_palm_seeds/Tabular Data - 18.7 KB
Published Sep 27, 2023
4 Downloads
7 Variables, 312 Observations UNF:6:bVwT1LHfsVecioUynek+gA==
Morphometric measurements (length, width, ...) of archeological date palm seeds from Libya. The column "Site" corresponds to the archaeological sites: "GHI" = Ghirza; "ZIN" = Zinkekra.
Data
Traditional_morphometric_measurements_reference_collection.tab
Morphometrics_date_palm_seeds/Tabular Data - 421.6 KB
Published Sep 27, 2023
3 Downloads
8 Variables, 6541 Observations UNF:6:aE017VmluAyHQW29h/DEkQ==
Morphometric measurements (length, width, ...) of seeds from 328 modern date palms
Data
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